„Warrenův soud“ – přelom ve vnímání občanských práv ve Spojených státech (60. výročí od klíčového rozhodnutí v případu „Brown v. Board of Education“)

The author deals in his article with the issue of the Warren Court, it means with the time when the chairman of the Supreme Court of the U.S.A. was Earl Warren (1953–1969). The concrete impulse was for him the 60th anniversary since the decision in the case “Brown v. Board of Education” in the year 1954 which meant the end of the segregation in american public schools. But above all he wants to point out to the fact that the liberal majority of the Warren Court tried to push ahead the new concept of the democracy which was not supposed to be perceived just as the mechanical fulfilment of the “rule of games” but should have as well some contentual quality emphasising the principle of the equality of the citizens without regard to the pertinance to the anyhow defined minority and by full consideration for their civil rights. This approach created as well questions with regard to the legitimacy of the operation of the court, with other words, if the Supreme Court of the U.S.A. is not making “judicial legislation” for which the constitution is naturally not allowing the authorization. The author in the article as well shortly represents the various key judges of the Warren Court – the members of the decisive liberal stream (especially Warren, Black, Douglas, Brennan) and as well the members of the conservative wing (Frankfurter, Harlan). Further are mentioned as well the aereas in which the Supreme Court of the U.S.A. in the time of the Warren’s chairmanship won the main deserts – it means the end of the segregation in the public schools, the just modification of the voting right based on the even division of votes, the freedom of the speech and the press in the scope of the first amendment and the emphasis on the rights of the citizens in the process of the administration of the criminal justice.