Penser l’histoire en tant qu’espace. En évitant le piège de la théorie de la reconnaissance

The article aims to demonstrate that the spatial turn and decolonial approach reveal the trap of recognition theory, rooted in defining the subject through an authoritative Other, highlighting a key problem of inequality. The spatial turn in the humanities illuminates hierarchies, power relations, and inequality where traditional concepts emphasized cultural differences, progress, and development. Methodologies from Foucault, Mignolo, Maesschalck, and Goddard demonstrate how philosophical tools can rethink the problematic field of the humanities. Social inequality and injustice are examined historically through decolonial spatial studies (Mignolo, Dussel, Maesschalck) and critical theory (Foucault), while also presenting contemporary recognition theory. Philosophical reflection on space provides a methodological tool for reconsidering subjectivity, not only through time and temporality but also through space. The spatial configuration of the subject reveals its relationships with the Other and itself through the Other. Concepts such as reflection in the Other, the symmetry and hierarchy of experience, and the positioning of agents describe subject inequality and the means to overcome it in ethics and politics. Recognition theory, however, reveals the trap of subject symmetry, where the recognition holder is authoritative but not equal.