Právněhistorické studie / Legal History Studies (Charles University journal; below referred to as PHS or Journal) is a scientific journal listed in the international prestigious database SCOPUS. The journal is published by Charles University in Prague under the guarantee of the Department of Legal History of the Faculty of Law of Charles University. It is published by the Karolinum Press. The journal focuses on the field of legal history and related topics.
Issue 1 of the Journal was published by the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences Publishing in June 1955. The Journal was initially published by the Cabinet of Legal History of the Czechoslovak Academy of Science (CSAV), later by the Institute of State and Law (CSAV) and then by the Institute of Legal History of the Faculty of Law of Charles University.
PHS is issued three times a year in April, August, and December and it presents original scientific works/papers as well as reviews, annotations and news from the scientific field of legal history. It also introduces annotated texts of a legal history nature. PHS accepts manuscripts from domestic as well as foreign authors. Manuscripts submitted by foreign authors are published in original language, namely in English, Slovak, German, French, Italian or Polish.
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PRÁVNĚHISTORICKÉ STUDIE, Vol 48 No 2 (2018), 17–45
Československé légie v Rusku – právne problémy
[Czechoslovak Legions in Russia – Legal Problems]
Jozef Beňa
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14712/2464689X.2018.37
published online: 11. 01. 2019
abstract
An author examines the status of the Czechoslovak army corps (legions) in Russia during the years 1918–1920 from the perspective of the international law and also the constitutional law in the context of the Great Russian Revolution and the genesis of the Czechoslovak state. The Czechoslovak army corps in Russia were created in the October of 1917. It became an autonomous part of the French army. After the agreement with the Russian Soviet government the transfer of the Legions through the whole Russia to Vladivostok under the difficult conditions dictated by the Brest-Litovsk Peace started. It was the source of the conflict, after which the anti-bolshevik uprising and also the general military intervention of the Allies planned on the June, then September of 1918 commenced. By the international acts of France, Great Britain and USA the status of legionaries (from June till September) was changed. They became the army of the Czechoslovak state, which was in statu nascendi, and also had the status of Allied army, which was supposed to stay in Russia. Legions in 1919 guarded the Siberian Railway and supported the “Russian state” headed by Admiral A. V. Kolchak, “the highest ruler of Russia”. From February of 1920 after the decision of Allies and after the truce agreed with the Soviet government the evacuation of the Legions to their homeland, the new state of Czechoslovakia, to the creation of which the Legions significantly contributed, took place.
keywords: Czechoslovak Army Corps in Russia – legal status; evacuation of the Czechoslovak army from Russia; Allied army of Entente Powers; avant-garde of the Allied military intervention for support of Russian people; army convention of the Czechoslovak Legions (from the 21st till the 23rd of May, 1918 in Chelyabinsk); international recognition of the Czechoslovak nation; Czechoslovak National Council (CSNC); Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly (“Komuč”) in Samara; Directory and Provisional All-Russian Government in Ufa or Omsk; A. V. Kolchak; Memorandum of the representatives of Allied Powers and USA in Russia on the situation in the Czechoslovak Army (the 13th November, 1919, Irkutsk)
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